After “Silver ammonia solution activation method” and “colloidal palladium Law” spot pretreatment coating surface obtained little silver-plated hollow glass microspheres, coating is smooth, indicating that the use of “colloidal palladium Law” and “Silver ammonia solution activation method “preprocessing can prepare high silver content, coating evenly silvered glass beads, the reason is the quality of hollow glass microspheres smaller, limited floating in the solution of the upper layer, the contact area with the pretreatment solution,The “three-step” pre-treatment process step more, each step will bring some loss, so get a lower content of silver and silver-plated hollow bead coating uneven.”Silver ammonia solution activation method” and “colloidal palladium Law” On the one hand is “sensitizing and activation” step, reducing the losses and the impact of Step by Step; on the other hand, “silver ammonium activation method” is used as an activator point, “colloidal palladium law” is used palladium as active sites, which makes it easier for the silver particles deposited on the surface of hollow glass microspheres, so after “silver ammonium activation method” and “colloidal palladium law” prepared by plating pretreatment silver plated surface of hollow glass microspheres are more uniform, smooth.
The development of the hollow glass microballoon began in the ’50 s, according to world patent database statistics, more than 20 years, both at home and abroad relating to the hollow glass microballoon invention has more than 50 (most of the basic patent).Half of them for the preparation of the hollow glass beads and the other half for its application. Nearly a decade involving patent less than one-third of the preparation of hollow glass beads, the remaining two-thirds for the application. Visible, hollow glass beads has entered the stage of application development.
Hollow glass microsphere, the earliest is mainly used in space industry, defense industry and other cutting-edge science and technology. With the development of science and technology and the realization of the hollow glass beads industrialized mass production, as well as the application of hollow glass bead extraction technology of fly ash hollow glass beads material has become a low cost, rich resources of new materials, widely used in thermal insulation fireproof materials, advanced insulation materials, emulsion explosive, composite materials, petrochemical, chemical additives, such as military, general other technical areas.
However, the composite foam compared with the traditional foam larger strength, and the process is good, easy to control. Hollow microspheres for the preparation of composite foams are generally polymer hollow microspheres and glass hollow microspheres (HGM). Polymer hollow microspheres have poor mechanical properties and are reported to be unable to withstand hydrostatic pressures of more than 2.5 MPa, while glass hollow microspheres can withstand up to 12 Pa of hydrostatic pressure. At present, composite foam is widely used in various industrial products.
Floating body material is an important part of marine resource development technology. In order to improve the depth of the body with sufficient net buoyancy, deep submersible.
The pressure resistance, structural stability.
Glass microspheres is a new silicate materials, including solid and hollow two kinds. Usually of a particle size of 0.5 ~ 5mm glass beads called beading, hereinafter referred to 0.4mm diameter microbeads. Spherical beads, multi-component and soda-lime glass similar. It has many excellent properties.Solid glass beads forming method includes forming method (melt method) and the secondary molding (powder method). The hollow glass microspheres forming usually boron silicate sol spray drying a water beading technology.
Hollow glass beads having a light weight, low thermal conductivity, non-toxic, non-flammable, chemical stability, high dispersion, noise, high temperature resistance, electrical insulation and thermal stability, etc., can be applied in many areas of the material.
Sea current oil and gas development has become one of the most important and the most realistic succeed region, China’s energy began to have entered a “Marine Times,” but the exploitation of key areas or shallow water, deep-sea oil and gas exploration on how to overcome the problem immediately become “offshore Daqing “in-depth implementation of the key. Deep-sea oil exploration in deepwater cementing operation is the basis for the exploitation of oil. In deepwater low temperatures, the conventional cement slurry system does not even appear retarding condensate phenomenon, easy to deepwater drilling huge potential risks, a major technical problem which is China’s deep-sea oil exploration.Provided by the mine hospital air glass beads products in China’s deep-ocean mining technology research trials performed well and successfully applied Zhejiang Zhoushan sea wells. At the same time, the mine hospital research team took advantage of master bead technology successfully developed hollow glass beads polyurethane materials, to effectively solve the problem of subsea pipeline transportation of crude oil holding time. Dedicated to the land of deep oil well cementing materials performance hollow glass microspheres has also begun to use in Xinjiang Oilfield. Numerous domestic oil users have also expressed interest, PetroChina, Sinopec, CNOOC and other units have conducted a series of tests and achieved good results.
Syntactic foam appeared in the 1960s, due to enhancement of hollow microspheres in the matrix are well known. Since the hollow microspheres in the material and lead material filling the cell appear, substantially no chemical foaming resin, so that the composite foam is a physical foam, syntactic foam density in the range of relatively large span. Syntactic foam matrix may be a polymer, metal or ceramic.
Hollow glass beads filled matrix resin prepared composite foam belong to a closed cell structure, compared to the open cell structure, which has higher strength and lower water absorption. Matrix resins used in the distribution of density between 1.0 ~ 1.2g / cm3, while lower density filled hollow glass microspheres, typically 0.1 ~ 0.6g / cm3, composite foam density plays a decisive role, but complex It will reduce the strength of the foam density material adverse effect, so the need to control the loading of hollow glass microspheres to balance density and strength of the material.
1969 I.Resuick other first filled with hollow glass beads bisphenol A type epoxy syntactic foam was prepared to study the influence of the material curing agent compression performance.
In recent years, researches on the chemical coating of glass and ceramic glass microsphere findings could change their optical and electrical properties and thermodynamic properties. In particular, can improve absorption and near-infrared reflectance of the electromagnetic wave after nickel, cobalt coating has been applied to military security, as the civilian technology only strengthen the performance of thermal insulation coatings.Other studies have loved incense activation method using silver nitrate cenospheres coated Ni-Co-P, can be used for electromagnetic shielding and microwave absorbing, the civilian aspects of the material can be made anti-electromagnetic radiation, military aspects can be made invisible absorbing material.
Co-density metal powder layer preparation Ling Guoping such as the use of chemical plating method, hollow glass beads coated with magnetic table, Co plating layer having excellent soft and hard magnetic properties. Sung-Soo Kim studied in the hollow ceramic beads plated metal layer of Co Fe magnetic and microwave absorption properties.
Studies show that adding metallized hollow ceramic beads of rubber to high-frequency electromagnetic and microwave absorption properties have. S.Shukla in fly ash particles and other surface copper plating, copper plating after the fly ash particles can be used as the conductive filler, for use in the polymer can be applied to an electromagnetic shield.
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A certain amount of silver-plated hollow glass microspheres into the inner diameter of 2.1㎝ mold under pressure 5t pressed into a thin disk of uniform thickness sample, the four-probe resistivity tester.Consistent with resistivity and spectrum analysis results obtained by three processes silvered hollow glass microspheres.
After three Pretreatment results obtained silver-plated hollow glass microspheres of SME’s. It can be drawn from the experiment. After “three-step” spot coating surface obtained after pretreatment silvered hollow glass microspheres more explanation did not form a continuous coating.
The influence of glass beads for drilling fluid lubricity
Glass beads spherical structure, which has high hardness, smooth surface, such as features, rolling performance is good. Use it as drilling fluid additives, can play a role similar to the bearing in the ball, greatly reduce the frictional resistance of drill pipe, drilling fluid, fast bit drilling, improve the rate of penetration, and reduce the bit wear.In the experiment, the Caspian sea region with diameter less than 0.9 mm of glass beads, adding quantity is 5 ~ 20 kg/m3, the results make it required torque drill pipe reduced 30% ~ 60%.
Now, in the exploration and development is difficult, purpose layer under the condition of buried depth, low formation pressure with application of glass beads in underbalance drilling has many advantages, one of the biggest advantages is the glass beads can improve drilling speed; From the shaft to the differential fluid pressure of formation fluid in the range of 0 ~ 6.9 Mpa, the common drilling method in sandstone, limestone, shale drilling efficiency would lower 70 ~ 80%, and the glass beads can reduce wellbore pressure significantly improve drilling efficiency.
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Road with reflective glass beads, are used in normal type, hot melt road marking paint, a material used as a premix, can ensure marking in the lifetime of the long-term reflection; a surface-spreading when marking construction,You can play real-reflective effect.
Coated glass beads are divided into two types, one as reflective highway A screen with a reflective. Coated glass beads is the use of a high performance organic material on glass beads were outside treatment, making glass bead surface adsorption dust in the air blunts.Since the coating beads containing a specific coupler to improve the adhesion of the coating bead and can prevent some tiny beads deposited coatings. Because of its functionality can be floating, floating in the paint surface when used, it has the largest surface area can be increased by more than 30% utilization. Superior performance coated glass beads after treatment. Rain often foggy in humid environments, with better reflective function.
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